Slope over time

  •   SLOPE vs TIME...      ⌘1 (numeral 1)  Calculates rates of change over time within a data block.  Seconds, minutes, hours, or days may be selected as the time units.  Either linear (least squares) or semi-log regression (log Y vs. time) can be selected.  The semi-log option is not available if any Y values are negative.  When the calculations are complete, a regression line is superimposed on the block window, and the program computes slope, r-squared, and probabilities that slope = 1 or 0.  You can check the slope against other values using the 'test' button.

    Two values of 'a' (the intercept) are given.  One is based on the time change calculated from the start of the file (t=zero), and the other is based on the time change within the block, using the assumption that time zero is the start of the block.

    You can use the 'predict values' option to calculate specific Y values as a function of time, or vice versa (this uses the intercept value calculated from the start of the block, not the start of the file).  At present, this does not 'back-convert' from log to linear, so if your equation uses log time and log Y, you will need to convert your inputs to their log equivalents, and do the reverse for predicted values.

    You can switch channels (for new calculations) with the usual selection buttons on the bottom of the results window.  To change the time units, re-select the original channel.

    You can also test the slope against any user-defined value with the 'test' button.  The 'Residuals…' button draws a plot of the residuals from the regression; results -- time, observed value, predicted value, and residual -- can be saved to an Excel-format text file.

    • CAUTION:   plotting residuals from a large data block (> 10,000 cases) may cause the program to 'beachball' for a long time -- be patient!

    Some additional considerations:

    • Note that in SLOPE and REGRESSION you cannot send results to disk or printer by hitting the 'p' key, as usual.  Instead, use the 'print' button (this button only appears if output has been selected from the FILE menu).

    • This option DOES NOT print to a tabular file (the output format is incompatible).

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